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EU Observer (31 August 2026)

Petra PAVLOVİČOVÁ

Forty-six years after climbing the gates of the Gdańsk shipyard and helping to bring down communism, former Polish president Lech Wałęsa warns history has a habit of repeating itself – and there are lessons to be learned.

In an exclusive interview with EU Observer, he returns to how, after the fall of communism, modern civilisation is approaching the same point of collapse that doomed the great civilisations of the past.

“We are vulnerable to collapse,” he says. “It could happen to us as well.”

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