Uluslararası Suçlar ve Tarih / International Crimes and History
| Number | : | 21 |
|---|---|---|
| Year | : | 2020 |
| Price | : | 36.00 TL |
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Uluslararası Suçlar ve Tarih / International Crimes and History (UST / ICH) completes its 14th year of publication with its current 21st issue. UST/ICH is one of the few examples of its kind in the periodical scholarly journals spectrum at the international scale. UST/ICH, at the same time, is the only scholarly journal platform of its kind in Turkey publishing both in Turkish and English research articles, reports and book reviews congruous with the basic publication purposes of the journal.
In line with this rich publication heritage, we have expanded the article types and topics in the current issue. Ergo, 21st issue of the Uluslararası Suçlar ve Tarih / International Crimes and History consists of six research articles, one report and three book reviews.
The year 2020 has brought incredulous, unforeseen changes to humanity. COVID-19 pandemic, has dominated life worldwide. It changed the way we were used to live. It imposed on most of us to work from home. Face to face contacts in the work places diminished to minimum. Online virtual conferences replaced the in-person contacts. Academic studies as well were adversely affected from these limitations. Our endeavours for publishing our journal on time have had their share from these unfroreseen changes and difficulties. Yet, we are happily coming together with our readers in our 21st issue with a number of research articles, reports and book reviews.
The first research article in the current 21st issue of our journal is titled “Historical Identities and Conflict in Central Asia” penned by Pınar Köksal. In her article, Pınar Köksal, analyzes the phenomenon of “identity” from an historical perspective, examines the various identities that have been redefined in the Central Asian republics in the aftermath of 1991 and elaborates the impact of this redifinitation on the post-Soviet conflicts.
The second research article by Çiğdem Akın titled “Role of Turkey’s Accession to the Rome Statute Establishing International Criminal Court in its Membership to the EU” lands on the crossroads of law, political science and international relations and deals with the role of being party to the Rome Statue in Turkey’s membership to the EU. The article while explaining EU’s approach to candidate countries’ alignment with the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) acquis and being party to the Rome Statute within the EU Enlargement Policy clarifies that Turkey’s fundamental and satisfactory alignment with the CFSP acquis could be considered adequate for the EU accession.
The third research article titled “An Examination of Enemy Construction Propaganda in Serbian Society in Milan Nedić’s Reign” by Özkan Avcı and Caner Çakı deals with the construction of an “enemy” identity in the society. The authors , in their article, explicate the Axis Power’s occupation of Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1941, partioning of its territory and subsequent formation of Government of National Salvation by Serbian General Milan Nedić under the control of Germany. In this context, the authors review the Grand Anti-Masonic Exhibition held in Belgrade between 22 October 1941 and 19 January 1942 during the Nedić government and examine in a detailed way the hate speech developed against both Allied States and Jews through the materials in the exhibition.
The fourth research article titled “Crime, Punishment and Communication Case as a Disciplinary Tool in Prisons” by Arda Umut Saygın emphasizes the importance of communication in social life, deals with the concept of communication in the context of disciplinary theory and explores the negative effects of depriving prisoners of communication as a disciplinary practice. Article claims that punishment and rewarding in prisons are done by decreasing and increasing the communication opportunities and thuswise is used as a tool of disciplinary practices.
The fifth research article by Ceyda Acicbe titled “An Evaluation Regarding the Role of France in Rwanda in the Light of Recent Developments” examines the tragic events in Rwanda starting from the shooting down of the airplane carrying Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana on 6 April 1994. The author underlines that this incident triggered decades-long conflict between Tutsi and Hutu culminating in genocide, in which more than 800,000 Rwandans were killed by Hutu extremists. She draws attention to the point that this genocide led to the questioning of the role of states, western-based international institutions in Rwanda, and underscores that one of the states at the center of criticisms is France. The article reviews the reasons behind these accusations and criticisms, as well as present an evaluation regarding the role of France in Rwanda in the light of recent developments in the media.
The sixth research article titled “The Sinicization of the Manchu State in the Context of Ibn Khaldun’s Political Theory” by Gülperi Güngör combines a concept developed by one of the well-known founders of the modern disciplines of historiography and sociology Ibn Khaldun and the historical transformation process of the last imperial dynasty of China in a unique perspective. The article discusses, from the perspective of cylical history, the sinicization of the Qing State and the transformation of Qing institutions within the framework of Ibn Khaldun’s concept of “asabiyyah” which emphasizes the importance of strong bond of cohesion among humans for forming durable communities. The article, in a historical perspective, sheds also light on the dynamics of inter-communal, inter-ethnic and inter-religious interactions and conflict resolution practices in the same administrative structure.
In the Reports section, Ömer Zeytinoğlu, in his article titled “A Human Tragedy: The Tragic Story of the North American Indians” presents a preliminary study regarding the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual violence indegenous people of America, later called Indians have been subjected to throughout history.
The first book review is written by Didem Ekinci in which she analyzes the book titled “State, Society and Politics in Post-Soviet Ukraine: Changing Dynamics, Transforming Identities” (Sovyet Sonrası Ukrayna’da Devlet, Toplum ve Siyaset: Değişen Dinamikler, Dönüşen Kimlikler) edited by Prof.Dr. Ayşegül Aydıngün and Prof.Dr. İsmail Aydıngün. Didem Ekinci in her analysis of the book firstly gives the concise summary of the full content of the book chapter by chapter. Afterwards, she explains the view that study, as a general approach, emphasizes that the changing dynamics and transforming identities of Ukraine are not based on the recent past contrary to the general belief. She points out in this context that the study asserts the view that changing dynamics and transforming identities of Ukraine have been and are being shaped as a result of policies, practices and dynamics dating back to much earlier time in history. According to Ekinci, the book suggests that the developments in 1991 and 2014 and the current conjuncture should be examined in such a context.
The second book review is prepared by Ahmet Can Öktem on the book titled “Atrocities In The Balkan Wars” (Balkan Savaşları’ndaki Mezalimler). As per the explanations by Ahmet Can Öktem, the mentioned book written by Hungarian Turcologist and ethnographer Dr. Gyula Mészáros published originally in Hungarian titled “A Balkáni Háború Kegyetlenségei (Eredeti Török Források Alapján) (Atrocities in the Balkan Wars, According to Original Turkish Sources), has been translated to English by Dr. Vural Yıldırım and prepared for Turkish publication by Prof. Dr. Melek Çolak. The Turkish translation provides the original Hungarian text at the end of the Turkish text. Öktem, in his analysis of the book, makes a critical assessment of the content and underlines striking noteworthy parts of the text by indicating relevant pages of the book. In this vein, Öktem points to the methods used by the Bulgarians, Greeks, Serbians, and Montenegrins with the aim of annihilating or expelling the Muslim-Turkish population from Macedonia and Rumelia and emphasizes that the details of the atrocities described in the book elicit sadness, disgust and anger in the reader.
The third book review by Berfin Mahide Ertekin analyzes the book titled “Military Interventions, War Crimes, and Protecting Civilians” (Askeri Müdahaleler, Savaş Suçları ve Sivillerin Korunması) written by Christi Siver. Ertekin, in the analysis of the book, draws attention to the point that the author (Christi Siver) aims to investigate why soldiers commit war crimes and what are the factors that drive soldiers to kill civilians. In this context, the author treats the armed forces as an organization and examines the behavior of the soldiers in the armed forces in line with the culture of the organization. According to Ertekin, it is understood from the study that certain soldiers form a counterculture subculture within the armed forces reject organizational norms in favor of their own identities. The fault for the lack of social integration and training fails on the commanders of the unit, who insufficiently transmit knowledge, orders and behavior to the units. In this context, the author asserts that units that lacked a cohesive subculture, or that developed countercultural subculture, were more likely to commit war crimes. As per the assessment of Ertekin, the study contributes to the relevant literature in this field and is a useful source not only for academic circles but also for those who have interest on the subject.
We hope you enjoy the journal and extend our best wishes for the coming year.
ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ/RESEARCH ARTICLES
RAPOR/ REPORT
KİTAP İNCELEMESİ / BOOK REVIEW
Prof. Dr. Pınar Köksal had her undergraduate and graduate degrees from the Department of Political Science and Public Administration of the Middle East Technical University (METU) and her Ph.D. at the Department of Political Science of the Miami University in the United States. Since 1998, she has been working as a faculty member at METU. She has publications in Turkish and English on the identity issues as well as political developments in the Central Asian region.
Contact: akcali@metu.edu.tr
Çiğdem AKIN has been working as an Expert for EU affairs at the Directorate for EU Affairs (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey) since July 2010. She holds an LLM in International Public Law from the University of Cambridge, UK; an MA in International Relations and a law degree from Bilkent University. She was an editor at the Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law during her LLM at the University of Cambridge and research assistant at the International Relations department for 3 years. Her area of expertise is mainly focused on Turkey’s alignment with the EU acquis on judiciary and fundamental rights and also freedom, security and justice. She has studies and publications on Turkey’s alignment with EU human rights law, EU-Turkey Readmission agreement and EU’s approach to public administration matters.
Contact: cakin@ab.gov.tr
Avcı, completed his undergraduate degree in Public Relations and Advertising and Business Administration and master in Public Relations and Publicity. His doctorate education continues in the field of Public Relations and Publicity. Since 2016, he has been working as a Lecturer in the Public Relations and Publicity Program at Bartın University. He has studies on Public Relations, Emotional Intelligence, New Media, Propaganda and Communication Researches in books, book chapters and articles published in Turkish and international peer-reviewed journals.
Contact: ozkanavci@bartin.edu.tr
Research Assistant. Caner Çakı, He was born in 1989 in Bafra. He graduated from Department of Public Relations and Advertising of Communication Faculty of the Karadeniz Technical University (Trabzon/Turkey) in 2012. He completed his master’s in Department of Communication Sciences of Inonu University (Malatya/Turkey) in 2016. He started the same year his doctorate in the Department of Communication Sciences Faculty of Erciyes University (Kayseri/Turkey). He has been working as a research assistant at Inonu University since 2015. His interest areas are propaganda, political communication, social media and public relations. He has studies on the propaganda activities in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. He published studies on propaganda activities in certain national and international journals. He is editor of three books titled "Propaganda and Communication", "Propaganda Music in Turkish Political Life" and "Propaganda Studies in Turkish Political Life".
Contact: caner.caki@inonu.edu.tr
Research Assitant Dr. Arda Umut Saygın, after completing his undergraduate education at Çukurova University Department of International Relations and his master's degree in Journalism Department of Ankara University, he defended his doctoral thesis titled “Media usage of prisoners’ and communication practices in prisons” at Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University Graduate Education Institute in 2020 and received the title of doctor. He has been working in the Journalism Department of the Faculty of Communication of the same University since 2014. His main fields of study are media studies and communication sociology.
Contact: arda.saygin@hbv.edu.tr
Ceyda Acicbe has been working as an analyst at the Center for Eurasian Studies (AVİM) since September 2019. She graduated from the Department of Sociology of Middle East Technical University’s Faculty of Arts and Science in 2017. Acicbe is currently studying for a master’s degree in Sociology at METU, which she started in 2017. During her graduate studies, she took undergraduate and graduate courses at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine) within the scope of the project based Mevlana Exchange Programme. During this time, she took part in two different projects as a researcher as well.
Contact: cacicbe@avim.org.tr
Gülperi Güngör completed her undergraduate studies at Ankara University, Political Science Faculty, Department of International Relations. She gained her master’s degree in International Relations from Middle East Technical University. She wrote on her master's thesis on China's surveillance and security practices in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Güngör, who joined the Center for Eurasian Studies as a scholar in residence in January 2020, continues her doctoral studies at Ankara University, Department of International Relations.
Contact: ggungor@avim.org.tr
Ambassador (R), Ömer Zeytinoğlu, he graduated from Istanbul University Faculty of Law. He started his civil service tenure in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and worked in different units of the Ministry. In the capital city, he served as Undersecretary Special Counselor. Abroad, he served as Consul General in Brussels and as Ambassador in Bucharest. Before his retirement in 2007, he was a member of the Foreign Policy Advisory Board of the Ministry.
Contact : omerzeytinoglu@yahoo.com
Assoc. Prof. Dr. F. Didem EKİNCİ completed her undergraduate education in 1999 at Hacettepe University, and her master’s and doctoral level education on International Relations in 2002 and 2009 respectively at İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University. Since 2009, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ekinci has been serving as a full-time Faculty Member at the Department of Political Science and International Relations of Çankaya University. The courses taught by her and her publications mainly focus on foreign policy analysis, international relations theories, politics in the Balkans and the Caucasus, and Russian and Turkish foreign policies. Ekinci also serves as the Director of Çankaya University – Research and Application Center for Atatürk Principles and Revolution History (Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi - AAUM). Ekinci is the author of the book titled Russia and the Balkans after the Cold War (Rangendingen: Libertas Publications, 2013) and speaks English, French, Russian, and German.
Contact: didemekinci@cankaya.edu.tr
Ahmet Can Öktem completed his undergraduate studies in 2013 at Eskişehir Osmangazi University's field of Economics. He completed his Masters degree programme in 2018 at the Middle East Technical University’s (METU) field of European Integration. He completed his diploma programme of CIFE (Centre international de formation europeenne) in Advanced European Studies and International Relations in 2018.
Contact: canoktem89@hotmail.com
Berfin Mahide Ertekin completed her undergraduate studies at TOBB University in 2019. In the same year, she joined the Center for Eurasian Studies (AVİM) as a scholar in residence. Her research areas are Turkish-Armenian relations, Armenian diaspora and the Caucasus.
Contact: berfinn.ertekinn@hotmail.com
